Changes in version 1.9-32                        

bug fixes

  - terra did not build with GDAL < 3.4 #2080 by Wolfgang Viechtbauer
  - spatSample<SpatRaster>(method="random") on large lon/lat rasters had
    become very slow #2086 by Jason Flower
  - recurring Cannot take exclusive lock on cache.db PROJ warnings
    during project are now collapsed into a single, actionable message
    #2088
  - retro labels generated with plot(x, pax=list(retro=TRUE)) were
    incorrect in the W and S hemispheres #2090 by Lucas Salinas Morales
  - trim failed with "invalid extent" if the trimmed bounding box was
    within padding cells of the raster edge #2092 by James Howard
  - rast reported a "file does not exist" error when given a GDAL DSN
    string (e.g. NETCDF:".../file.nc":VAR). With md=TRUE, rast now
    splits a DRIVER:"path":VAR DSN so the multidim API can find the
    file, and reuses the classic 2D driver's geotransform so the extent
    is reported in CRS units instead of raw coordinate-variable values
    	#2093 by Michael Sumner
  - writeRaster(x, filename, filetype="COG") segfaulted with GDAL 3.13.0
    because the COG driver now has Create() that crashes with RasterIO
    crashes; terra now always writes COGs via the original CreateCopy()
    path #2095 by Andrew Brown

enhancements

  - regress gained a <SpatRaster,data.frame> method to specify levels of
    factors
  - extract(x, polygons, fun=...) could fail with large
    polygons/high-res rasters. For standard functions (sum, sum2, mean,
    min, max, prod, sd, std, isNA, notNA) processing is now by block and
    memory safe #2097
  - sprc(<character>) gained argument group=TRUE to combine rasters with
    the same geometry; convenient for "one folder per tile, one file per
    band" situations

new

  - make.RGB function #2085 by Jérôme Guélat
  - netw to create SpatNetwork objects. The network can be directed or
    undirected and is by default weighted by edge length.
  - SpatNetwork methods: shortestPath, , writeNetwork``net_nodes,
    net_edges, net_nnodes, net_nedges, net_directed, net_weights and
    net_weights<-.

                 Changes in version 1.9-27 (2026-05-10)                 

Released 2026-05-08

bug fixes

  - terra did not build with Apple clang 14 on CRAN
  - terra did not build with PROJ < 7 #2080 by Wolfgang Viechtbauer
  - project without template failed #2081 by Ethan Plunkett

                 Changes in version 1.9-25 (2026-05-06)                 

Released 2026-05-04

bug fixes

  - terra now distinguishes between the "standard"/"Gregorian" and the
    "proleptic_gregorian" calendars #1599 by Hu shiyu
  - spatSample<SpatRaster>(method="stratified") could cause an out of
    bounds error #1858 by Felipe)
  - vrt on OSX had trouble with options #1410 by Andrea Manica. And
    occasionally on Windows #1848 by Monika Anna Tomaszewska; due to
    passing them as a dangling pointer.
  - rbind<SpatVector,SpatVector> could make R crash when combining a
    variable that is numeric in one and boolean in the other source
    #2069 by Hans van Calster
  - vect can now better handle non standard geometries such as
    multisurface #2037 by Floris Vanderhaeghe
  - writeVector can now write GPX format #1231 by Krzysztof Dyba
  - better handling of rotated rasters #1434 by Insang Song and #918 by
    Agustin Lobo
  - zonal truncated weights #2072 by Dominic Royé
  - distance<SpatRaster> with haversine method could overflow from N to
    S pole #2077 by brshipley

enhancements

  - memmax now defaults to 16 GB to prevent allocation failures on very
    large memory systems #2073 by Will Kessler
  - update can (again) edit layernames in existing files #2071 by Jim
    Shady
  - compareGeom gets argument "tolerance" to overwrite the default that
    can be set with terraOptions. #2056 by R. Kyle Bocinsky
  - vect<data.frame> now warns when it guesses the geom variables and/or
    the lon/lat CRS #1985 by Márcia Barbosa
  - consistent warnings about missing CRS in distance functions. #1924
    by Márcia Barbosa
  - aggregate<SpatRaster> no longer loses time attributes #2066 by
    Wencheng Lau-Medrano
  - the number of files that the OS allows to be simultaneously open
    sets a limit for processing SpatRasters that is now detected #1993
    by Enrico Mattea
  - additional effort to read KML/Z attribute values #1954 by Yong-hun
    Suh
  - autocor gets a "standardize" argument for row-standardization #1593
    by Nicholas Berryman
  - plet gains argument "hover" #1571 by Agustin Lobo
  - sbar gets argument "bg" to set a background color #1957 by Lucas
    Salinas Morales
  - better support for writing vsizip files #1629 by Eric R. Scott
  - better error message if project fails because a transformation grid
    cannot be downloaded #1425 by Kevin J Wolz
  - PROJ CDN warnings (e.g. SSL errors when downloading datum grids) are
    now collapsed into a single summary warning with guidance to use
    projNetwork(FALSE) #1351 by Hassan Masoomi

new

  - costDistance and gridDistance can now return the nearest target cell
    number #2034 by chrislittleboy
  - update can write cell values to existing files #1079 by Mike Koontz
  - mosaic(fun="blend") method to combine rasters with smooth gradients
    in overlapping zones #2011 by Greg Schmidt
  - animate<SpatVectorCollection> method. #2065 by Márcia Barbosa
  - thin<SpatVector> method. #1738 by Andrés
  - legend_cont method to draw a continuous legend independent of plot
    #2057 by Lucas Salinas Morales
  - proj_pipelines function to retrieve CRS transformation pipelines
    that can be used in project #1350 by Richard A. Johansen
  - tessellate method to create hexagonal and rectangular tessellations
  - tile_apply for parallelization

                 Changes in version 1.9-11 (2026-03-26)                 

Released 2026-03-26

bug fixes

  - subst and some cases of classify, did not recycle properly #2046 by
    Nuno Teixeira and #2052 by Jérôme Guélat
  - better reading of gpkg files with unclear geometry and NULL geoms
    #2051 by Duy Nguyen
  - ifel ignored NA values in some circumstances SO 79905693 by Sean
    McKenzie
  - spatSample failed with checkerboard sampling if a stratum was empty
    #2060 by Tyler Smith

enhancements

  - plot<SpatVector> has new argument "fill_range"
  - extract gains argument "wide=FALSE" that can be used when
    fun="table" 2053 by Jérôme Guélat

                 Changes in version 1.9-1 (2026-03-08)                  

Released 2026-03-07

bug fixes

  - patches newly implemented by Andrew Gene Brown #2006 fixing #1758
  - project did not apply the scale/offset values #2014 by Edgar Castro
  - show<SpatRaster> did not work properly for categorical variables if
    the min/max values were not specified in the file #2023 by Kodi
    Arfer
  - rast(md=TRUE) now recognizes non standard calendars #2019 by Heyang;
    fixed by Yuxuan Xie with #2024
  - values<SpatVector> lost integer values > .Machine$integer.max.
    Variables with such values are no longer coerced to integer. #2030
    by Steffen Ehrmann
  - extract<SpatRaster,SpatVector> with arguments fun="table" and
    weights=FALSE did not work #2029 by volcanicpine
  - query<SpatVectorProxy> failed with a start > 100000 #2038 by Paul
    Smith

enhancements

  - significant speed improvements for classify, subst (one-to-one value
    replacement), catalyze (one-to-many value replacement), unique
    (better deduplication), and freq, crosstab, table_utils (unified
    approach to counting) by Andrew Gene Brown #2012
  - terra now handles the sf defined "POLYGON FULL" not-so-WKT #2013 by
    Alexandre Courtiol
  - Language errors in the documentation fixed by Yuxuan Xie #2021 and
    by Krzysztof Dyba #2020
  - fixed documentation for "direction" parameter in flip<SpatRaster>
    #2016 by Jesse Anderson
  - "pixel count" in a raster/value attribute table is now recognized as
    equivalent to "count" (and not considered a categorical variable)
    #2023 by Kodi Arfer
  - lines<leaflet> gains argument "popup" #2018 by Mary Fisher
  - as.lines<matrix> gains argument "segments" #2008 by Márcia Barbosa
  - freq<SpatRaster> with argument zones as a SpatRaster now returns the
    zone values instead of the index #2033 by Thomas Estabrook
  - as.lines<SpatRaster> gained argument "na.rm=FALSE" #2041 by Márcia
    Barbosa

new

  - animate<SpatVector> method by Márcia Barbosa #2007
  - agitate<SpatVector> method to jitter a SpatVector of points

                 Changes in version 1.8-93 (2026-01-12)                 

Released 2026-01-12

bug fixes

  - plot<SpatRaster>(add=TRUE) did not put the legend in the right place
    if the first raster had a larger extent and the number of cells was
    larger than maxcell. #1979 by Mehmet Göktuğ Öztürk
  - plot<SpatVector>(ext=...) plotted polygons outside plotting region
    if argument 'col' was used. #1986 by Márcia Barbosa
  - plot<SpatRaster> with an "ext" argument could lead to misalignment
    as only entire cells were mapped. #1989 by Márcia Barbosa
  - distance<matrix,missing> was not working #1992 by Wencheng
    Lau-Medrano
  - polys ignored argument "border" #1997 by Márcia Barbosa
  - describe works with linux paths starting with a tilde #2003 by David
    Moles
  - zonal<SpatRaster,SpatRaster> failed with arguments fun='sd', wide=F.
    #2004 by Thomas Estabrook

enhancements

  - vect<data.frame> has improved guessing of variable names (if
    argument geom is not supplied) and crs (if that argument is not
    supplied), and gets argument "quiet=TRUE" that can be set to false
    to get warnings if either of these is guessed. #1984 and #1985 by
    Márcia Barbosa
  - extract<SpatVector> is now less memory hungry when using argument
    layers #1983 by Kodi Arfer
  - split<SpatVector> now behaves like the data.frame method when using
    multiple split variables #1987 by WillhKessler
  - $<-<SpatVector> now gives an error if the replacement is longer than
    the data, and a warning if recycling of a shorter replacement is
    imperfect. #1980 by Margaret Bolton
  - cartogram gets new arguments "inside" and "exp" and better scaling
    #1982 by Márcia Barbosa
  - spatSample<SpatRaster> gains argument "as.mask" #1981 by Agustin
    Lobo
  - vect<character> now handles MultiSurface geometries (as polygons)
    #1994 by Márcia Barbosa
  - plet<SpatVector> and polys<leaflet> gain argument "lty" #1997 by
    Márcia Barbosa

new

  - proj_ok helper function to check if the GDAL/PROJ install is
    functional #1996 by Andrew Gene Brown
  - nany<SpatRaster> method (!all in one step) "nany" is short for "not
    any". This is used because "none" creates a conflict

                       Changes in version 1.8-87                        

Released 2025-11-28

bug fixes

  - writeVector gave an error with an empty (0-row) SpatVector #1960 by
    Andrew Gene Brown
  - terra did not compile with GEOS < 3.10 #1961 by Wolfgang Viechtbauer
  - intersect<SpatRaster,SpatRaster> changed the extent of the second
    input SpatRaster if it did not match that of the first #1964 by Greg
    Schmidt
  - boundaries with argument "classes=TRUE" ignored argument
    "inner=TRUE" (it was always FALSE). #1963 by Oleg Zheleznyy
  - cellFromXY with NA coordinates returned 1 instead of NA on macOS
    #1967 by John Baums
  - stretch crashed R with very large rasters #1962 by Agustin Lobo
  - focalReg did not handle custom functions with a weights argument
    #1965 by Pedro Tarroso

enhancements

  - boundaries has new argument "ignoreNA=FALSE" to only detect
    boundaries between different classes, not between classes and
    missing values #1963 by Oleg Zheleznyy
  - stretch gains argument "bylayer=TRUE" #1970 by Michael Sumner
  - makeValid gains argument buffer=FALSE #1955 by Márcia Barbosa
  - plot<SpatVector> argument "col" can now be a named vector or
    two-column matrix/data.frame to match character/factor values to
    colors #1976 by Richard Cooper

new

  - fillHoles method for SpatRaster
  - chunk method to run a non-memory-safe SpatRaster function in chunks
  - centroids<SpatRaster> method

                 Changes in version 1.8-80 (2025-11-05)                 

Released 2025-11-05

bug fixes

  - plot<SpatRaster> with arguments "break=n" and "breakby='cases'"
    could break if there the number of computed quantile breaks is lower
    than expected because of duplicates #1913 by Bradley W. Compton
  - buffer<SpatRaster> for lon/lat rasters did not include the non NA
    cells outside of the buffer distance from the edges as part of the
    buffer #1929 by Márcia Barbosa
  - computing dates for years < 1 failed (regression introduced when
    fixing #1896) #1951 by Taras Zakharko
  - computing dates for 365 day calendars was not accurate in some cases
    #1951 by Taras Zakharko
  - values(x[["name"]])<- failed if x had a single layer #1944 by Wenbo
    Lv
  - colors specified in a vat.dbf file were no longer extracted due to a
    change in GDAL #1943 by Josh O'Brien
  - buffer<SpatVector> with lon/lat coordinates did not behave well for
    very large buffers; especially around areas near the dateline #1926
    by Márcia Barbosa
  - mask<SpatRaster,SpatVector> "inverse=TRUE" lost the layernames.
    #1959 by Alex Ilich

enhancements

  - plet<SpatRaster> can (again) use a color function returned by
    leaflet::colorNumeric #1904 by Ignacio Marzan
  - range argument to animate<SpatRaster> can now be set to NA to not
    get a shared legend #1909 by Márcia Barbosa
  - text<SpatRaster> and text<SpatVector> gained argument "jitter=0"
    #1910 by Márcia Barbosa
  - points<SpatVector> gained argument "jitter=0"
  - plet<SpatRaster> gained arguments "range" and "fill_range"
  - unique<SpatVector> gained arguments "geom=TRUE" and "atts=TRUE" to
    allow uniqueness to be based on geometry or attributes only #1928 by
    Andrea Titolo
  - buffer<SpatRaster> gains argument "include=TRUE" to allow exclusion
    of the cells that are not NA from the buffer #1929 by Márcia Barbosa
  - argument "names" to distance<SpatVector,missing> #1942 by Márcia
    Barbosa
  - subset<SpatVector> now works without a value for argument "subset",
    to allow subsetting variables only #1953 by Márcia Barbosa

new

  - plet<SpatRasterCollection> method
  - cartogram<SpatRaster> can now return a "circles" (Dorling) cartogram
    #1911 by Márcia Barbosa
  - subset<SpatVector> can now use a Spat object to spatially subset
    #1937 by Márcia Barbosa
  - plot<SpatRaster> and plot<SpatVector> have new argument
    "zebra=FALSE", to create a zebra-box.
    https://github.com/rspatial/terra/issues/1956 by Lucas Salinas
    Morales

                 Changes in version 1.8-70 (2025-09-27)                 

Released 2025-09-27

bug fixes

  - project(mask=TRUE) could fail with high-resolution global rasters
    because of date-line flipping SO 79708536 by Patrick
  - plot(pax=list(mgp=c(1,1,2)) now sets mgp separately for horizontal
    and vertical axes #1873 by Hu shiyu
  - coltab(x, ..., layer=1)<- argument layer did not work for layer
    names #1879 by Alex Ilich
  - sds could create a SpatRasterDataset with SpatRasters with different
    spatial resolutions #1884 by Stefan Fallert
  - identical did not consider NA values #1890 by Facundo Muñoz
  - add_grid did not respect the clipping region if a second raster was
    added with add=TRUE #1889 by Lucas Salinas Morales
  - rast(x, type = "xyz") did not inherit CRS from a SpatVector #1886 by
    Danielle Ferraro
  - distance(values = TRUE) returned unexpected results #1891 by Jason
    Flower
  - plot with arguments for a continuous legend failed if no such legend
    was drawn #1897 by François Rousseu

enhancements

  - when computing aggregated time steps such as days from POSIXct
    (seconds) time, terra now uses the date in the specified time zone,
    unlike base as.Date that seems to return the date in the UTC time
    zone #1896 by Kodi Arfer
  - better support for creating a SpatVector with an EMPTY wkt geometry
    #1903 by Anatolii Tsyplenkov
  - makeTiles gains argument "value" to set the returned value to be the
    filenames (default), a SpatRaster or a SpatRasterCollection #1894 by
    Márcia Barbosa

new

  - it is now possible to create a SpatVector from Well Known Binary
    (WKB) data #1895 by Jan Hartman
  - resample now also accepts, instead of a template SpatRaster, one or
    two numbers to set the resolution of the output SpatRaster #1874 by
    Agustin Lobo

                 Changes in version 1.8-60 (2025-07-21)                 

Released 2025-07-18

bug fixes

  - freq failed when using zones polygons that did not overlap with any
    cell centers SO 79654752 by M. Beausoleil
  - as.lines<SpatVector> with an empty SpatVector crashed R #1847 by
    Andrew Gene Brown
  - resample with method="median" did not work #1855 by vmombo
  - terra did not install on 32-bit systems #1846 by Sergey Fedorov
  - terra did not install with GDAL < 3.1 #1853 by BastienFR
  - better assignment of a list to a new subsetted SpatVector variable
    #1867 by Alexandre Courtiol
  - nearest did not work well for lonlat polygons #1869 and with methods
    "cosine" and "haversine" by Alexandre Courtiol
  - polygon union failure when symdif returns lines #1866 by Reed
    Humphrey
  - where.max did not work properly when processing large files in
    chunks. #1858 by Tyler Hoecker
  - numerical layer indexing in extract was broken #1862; identified and
    fixed #1863 by Finn Lindgren

enhancements

  - freq has new argument "touches" to determine which cell to include
    if a zones polygon is used SO 79654752 by M. Beausoleil
  - plot with a continuous legend has new plg parameter "format" so that
    you can use scientific notation #1861 by Andrea Titolo
  - sprc<character> now also works for a single datasource raster #1860
    by Andrew Gene Brown

                 Changes in version 1.8-54 (2025-06-01)                 

Released 2025-06-01

bug fixes

  - plot<SpatRaster> using a value/color data.frame did not work
    correctly in all cases #1827 by Alexandre Courtiol
  - plot<SpatRaster> argument "alpha" did not work properly #1833 by
    strevisani
  - added the -lnetcdf flag needed for linking on some linuxes #1829 by
    Guillermo A. Durán Sanabria
  - in some cases the last block used in raster processing was too large
    and led to memory issues #1825 by Alex Ilich
  - ==<SpatRaster> with multiple layers and categorical comparison
    failed #1836 by Andrew Gene Brown
  - writeCDF failed when writing tags with illegal characters such as
    "{" or "(", #1811 by Catalin Sorin Covaci
  - freq failed for an empty SpatRaster #1839 by Alex Ilich
  - writeVector with an empty SpatVector crashed R #1837 by Induriel
  - predict<SpatRaster> could fail with na.rm=TRUE and a block with NA
    values only #1843 by Alex Ilich
  - In some cases, rast interpreted a histogram attribute as a factor
    #1845 by Tiago A. Marques

enhancements

  - rast with multiple files and lyrs argument now applies the argument
    to each data source (file); unless numbers higher than the number of
    layers of the first source are included. #1838 by Pedro Tarroso

new

  - unloadGDALdrivers to disable selected GDAL drivers #1828 by Andy
    Teucher
  - experimental support for the GDAL multidimensional raster data
    interface via rast(md=TRUE)
  - ar_info to describe multidimensional (ncdf) raster files

                 Changes in version 1.8-50 (2025-05-09)                 

Released 2025-05-09

bug fixes

  - rast(xyz=TRUE) failed if there was no z variable #1802 by Martin
    Jung
  - metags failed if a matrix was used #1803 by fchianucci
  - distance<SpatVector>(sequential=TRUE) did not return a vector with
    the first value of zero (and there was an additional value #1804 by
    Edward Lavender
  - depth information was dropped even when there was no reason for that
    #1806 by Daniel R Schlaepfer
  - plet did not work for logical SpatRasters #1820 by Andrew Gene Brown
  - extract<SpatRaster> with a "window" set, did not work properly #1819
    by Derek Friend
  - extract<SpatRaster> with argument "layers" and xy=TRUE added an
    unexpected additional column #1818 by Hu shiyu
  - extractRange now honors arguments bind and assigns ID within a list
    #1816 by WillhKessler
  - crop<SpatRaster,SpatVector>(mask=TRUE) did not crop if the
    SpatVector was (partly) outside the SpatVector #1824 by Márcia
    Barbosa

enhancements

  - init with a matrix argument now keeps the same row/col values #1801
    by Jakub Nowosad
  - rasterize now checks for very large numbers and switches to FLT8S if
    detected. #1797 by Evan Muise
  - rast, sds and sprc get new argument "guessCRS" to suppress CRS
    guessing #1800 by Aseem Sharma
  - plot<SpatRaster/SpatVector> with a continuous legend now responds to
    plg=list(horiz=TRUE)) #1805 by Nathanael Walker-Hale

new

  - spatSample(method="spread") to get an approximate regular sample of
    the cells that are not NA

                 Changes in version 1.8-42 (2025-04-02)                 

Released 2025-04-02

bug fixes

  - min/max statistics computed when writing raster files did not
    exclude the user provided NA flag. #1752 by Agustin Lobo
  - installation failed for GEOS < 3.7 #1754 by Robert Butler
  - extract with points for rasters accessed over http could return NAs
    for some cells if the raster was large #1504 by Krzysztof Dyba
  - writeCDF now supports writing an empty crs #1759 by ForChimneySwifts
  - resample on flipped SpatRasters failed. #1760 by Andrew Gene Brown
  - spatSample<SpatRaster>(method="regular", xy=TRUE) ignored the second
    "size" number when using two numbers (row, col) #1766 by Barnabas
    Harris
  - plet<SpatRaster> failed when trying to display multiple layers #1787
    by Emanuele Cordano

enhancements

  - georeferenced rasters that are flipped are now identified as such
    that there no longer is a need for flip(r, "vertical") after opening
    the file. #1753 by enatijohnson
  - metags now supports raster metadata domains
  - extract with a vector of two non-integers triggers a warning
    (possible point vs cellnumber confusion) #1757 by Michael Sumner
  - writeCDF now supports four dimensions (x, y, depth and time) #1756
    by ForChimneySwifts
  - vect and svc now have argument "dialect" to select an SQL dialect
    #1750 by Michael Sumner
  - extract<SpatVector,SpatVector> now has argument "count" to get
    point-in-polygon counts
  - spatSample can now take a random or regular sample along lines
  - plot gained arguments to control the legend title (including
    leg.title.x, leg.title.y, leg.title.srt) and some tweaks to the
    defaults to improve the default title position of horizontal
    continuous legends #1774 by Fengyu Fu
  - plot gained argument "reverse" (more general then argument
    "decreasing" that it replaces) to reverse the order of a legend
    SO 79515400 by Laura Roich
  - spatSample<SpatRaster>(method="stratified") now also finds cells for
    very small strata in big rasters (suggested by Andrea Duane).
  - plot<SpatVector> now also has argument "fun" #1786 by Márcia Barbosa
  - plot<SpatRaster/Vector> now also has argument "sub" to set a
    subtitle #1790 by Agustin Lobo
  - distance<SpatVector,SpatVector> now has argument "use_nodes" to
    speed things up for lon/lat data #1722 by Márcia Barbosa

new

  - writeRaster and other methods that can write raster data can now set
    metadata.
  - split<SpatVector,SpatVector> method for lines #1374 by MTueting
  - depthName, depthName<-, depthUnit, and depthUnit<- methods
  - is.num<SpatRaster> SO 795026641 by Jacob Strunk
  - simplifyLevels to combine duplicate categories. #1769 by Erik
    Ertsgaard

                 Changes in version 1.8-29 (2025-02-26)                 

Released 2025-02-26

bug fixes

  - cover<SpatRaster> did not work well if multiple replacement values
    were supplied #1741 by Tim Howard
  - ext<-<SpatRaster,SpatExtent> made a shallow copy. Reported on
    SO 79440691 by katefull06 and as #1743 by Agustin Lobo
  - extract<SpatRaster> with cells only used the NA flag for the first
    data source. GSE 490433 by MartinL

enhancements

  - spatSample<SpatRaster> and spatSample<SpatExtent> gain argument
    "exact=FALSE" to request the exact (but perhaps less regular) sample
    size for a regular sample. Currently only for planar crs.
  - spatSample<SpatRaster> gains argument "each=TRUE" to request, when
    using stratified sampling, a sample size for each stratum, or for
    all strata combined.
  - focal now maintains categories with "fun=modal", "min", "max", or
    "first" SO 79449904 by Sophie Père

new

  - clearVSIcache. Suggested by Shannon Albeke

                 Changes in version 1.8-21 (2025-02-10)                 

Released 2025-02-10

bug fixes

  - sieve failed with large rasters #1729 by Reed Humphrey
  - extractRange only worked for SpatVector, not for matrix or vector
    #1733 by Victor Van der Meersch
  - extract<SpatRaster> over https with a multilayer SpatRaster returned
    the values for the first layer for all layer #1736 by Shannon Albeke

enhancements

  - new argument xyz="" to the rast<SpatVector> method
  - new arguments "type" and "breaks" to plet<SpatRaster> method #1187
    by Augustin Lobo
  - new argument "cores" in lapp<SpatRasterDataset> #1190 by kel44
  - aggregate<SpatRaster> now handles fun="table" #1662 by Fernando
    Aramburu.

new

  - is.flipped<SpatRaster> method #1627 by Timothée Giraud
  - as.array<SpatRasterDataset> method
  - distance<SpatRaster,missing> now has argument "values". If TRUE, the
    values of the nearest non-target cell is returned instead of the
    distance #1243 by Simon Dedman
  - thresh<SpatRaster> #1233 by Agustin Lobo

                 Changes in version 1.8-15 (2025-01-24)                 

Released 2025-01-24

bug fixes

  - readRDS failed for rasters with timestep="seconds" #1711 by Pascal
    Oettli
  - divide<SpatVector> always returned NULL #1724 by Márcia Barbosa
  - erase failed in some cases #1710 by erkent-carb

enhancements

  - bestMatch now has argument "fun" to allow the use of different
    distance measures, and a  method
  - wrap (and writeRDS) now captures varnames/longnames #1719 by Andrew
    Gene Brown
  - improved raster metadata writing #1714 by Andrew Gene Brown
  - vect and writeVector now properly read and write date and datetime
    data. #1718 by Andrew Gene Brown
  - improved estimate of available memory on linux systems #1506 by
    Cedric Rossi

                 Changes in version 1.8-10 (2025-01-14)                 

Released 2025-01-13

bug fixes

  - expanse<SpatRaster>(transform=TRUE) crashed R when the crs was
    "local". #1671 by Michael Chirico
  - patches(values=TRUE) wrapped around the edges #1675 by Michael
    Chirico
  - spin now correctly handles spherical coordinates #1576 by jeanlobry
  - mosaic sometimes crashed R #1524 by John Baums, Dave Klinges, and
    Hugh Graham.
  - spatSample ignored argument "exp" when taking a random sample with
    na.rm=TRUE on a large raster #1437 by Babak Naimi
  - split<SpatVector,SpatVector> did not work properly #1619 by Michael
    Sumner
  - autocor improved handling of NA cells for global Moran computation
    #1992 by Nicholas Berryman
  - shade is more memory-safe. #1452 by Francis van Oordt and Chris
    English
  - fixed bug in rasterize revealed when using crop(mask=TRUE) #1686 by
    edixon1
  - fixed to_id = NA bug in nearest #1471 by Mats Blomqvist
  - better handling of date/unit #1684 and #1688 by Andrew Gene Brown
  - spatSample(method="regular") on a raster with one column returned
    too many samples #1362 by Daniel R Schlaepfer

enhancements

  - plot<SpatVector> now uses the same default viridis color palette as
    plot<SpatRaster> #1670 by Márcia Barbosa
  - relate now accepts relation="equals" #1672 by Krzysztof Dyba
  - init now accepts additional arguments for function "fun"
  - better handling of the 32 connections limitation set by the HDF4
    library #1481 by Dimitri Falk
  - When using RStudio a once per session warning is given when using
    draw, sel or click #1063 by Sergei Kharchenko
  - distance<SpatRaster> from lon and lat lines/polygons computes
    distance to the edges instead of the nodes #1462 by Derek Friend
  - distance<SpatVector,SpatVector> now works for lon/lat data #1615 by
    Wencheng Lau-Medrano
  - using overviews for faster plotting of COGs over http #1353 by
    Michael Sumner and #1412; and argument plot(x, overview=) to change
    the default behavior.
  - extract with points is now faster for rasters accessed over http
    #1504 by Krzysztof Dyba
  - extract with many points on very large rasters was slower in
    compared to doing the same with "raster" (which uses terra for
    that!) #1584 by Hassan Masoomi
  - merge now has three alternative algorithms #1366 by Hassan Masoomi
    and #1650 by Agustin Lobo

new

  - $<SpatRaster> can now be used to get a categorical SpatRaster with a
    different active category
  - scale_linear<SpatRaster> method for linear scaling of cell values
    between a minimum and maximum value such as 0 and 1
  - distance and related methods get argument "method" to choose the
    distance algorithm for lon/lat data #1677 by Márcia Barbosa
  - divide<SpatRaster> and divide<SpatVector> methods
  - nseg counts the number of segments in a SpatVector #1647 by Michael
    Chirico
  - extract argument "search_radius" to extract values from the nearest
    raster cell that is not NA #873 by matthewseanmarcus
  - combineLevels to combine the levels of all layers SO 79340152 by Sam

                 Changes in version 1.8-5 (2024-12-12)                  

Released 2024-12-12

bug fixes

  - spatSample(method='stratified', ext=e) returned the wrong sampling
    coordinates #1628 by Barnabas Harris
  - spatSample(method='stratified') could fail with small sample sizes
    #1503 by karluf
  - transparency (alpha) did not work with RGB plotting. #1642 by
    Timothée Giraud
  - rasterization failed on very large rasters #1636 by Mary Fisher,
    #1463 by Nic Spono and #1281 by Sebastian Dunnett
  - tmpFiles only looked in the default temp files folder #1630 by
    smckenzie1986
  - where.min did not work well if there were negative values #1634 by
    Michael Sumner
  - plet<SpatRaster> now works for RGB rasters and rasters with a color
    table #1596 by Agustin Lobo
  - vect<MULTIPOINT WKT> did not work properly #1376 by silasprincipe
  - compareGeom<SpatVector> did not work #1654 by Jason Flower
  - buffer<SpatVector> is now more accurate for lonlat polygons #1616 by
    Roberto Amaral-Santos
  - terra:interpNear used square windows, not circles, beyond 100 points
    #1509 by Jean-Luc Dupouey
  - vect read INT64 fields as integers, sometimes leading to overflows.
    #1666 by bengannon-fc
  - plot showed a legend title even if none was requested if title
    parameters were specified . #1664 by Márcia Barbosa

enhancements

  - improved documentation of writeVector overwrite when using layers.
    #1573 by Todd West
  - improved treatment of (supposedly) flipped rasters by Timothée
    Giraud #1627 and fchianucci #1646
  - added map.pal("random") #1631 by Agustin Lobo
  - expressions can now be used in legend titles #1626 by Noah Goodkind
  - app and tapp now emit a warning when factors are coerced to numeric
    #1566 by shuysman
  - plet<SpatRaster> now has argument "stretch" for RGB rasters #1596 by
    Agustin
  - %% and %/% now behave the same for SpatRaster as for (base R)
    numbers #1661 by Klaus Huebert

new

  - patches with option values=TRUE can now distinguish regions based on
    their cell values (instead of only NA vs not-NA) #495 by Jakub
    Nowosad and #1632 by Agustin Lobo
  - rowSums, rowMeans, colSums and colMeans for SpatRaster
  - metags for SpatRasterDataset #1624 by Andrea Manica
  - metags for layers (bands) of SpatRaster are now saved to and read
    from GTiff files #1071 by Mike Koontz
  - global has new efficient functions "anyNA" and "anynotNA" #1540 by
    Kevin J Wolz
  - wrap, saveRDS and serialize for SpatExtent. #1430 by BastienFR
  - vect<SpatGraticule> method suggested in relation to tidyterra #155
    by Diego Hernangómez
  - toMemory<SpatRaster> and <SpatRasterDataset> methods #1660 by Derek
    Friend

                 Changes in version 1.7-83 (2024-10-14)                 

Released 2024-10-14

bug fixes

  - flip(direction="vertical") failed in some cases #1518 by Ed Carnell
  - zonal(as.raster=TRUE) failed when the zonal raster was categorical
    1514 by Jessi L Brown
  - distance<data.frame,data.frame> and <matrix,matrix> ignored the unit
    argument. #1545 by Wencheng Lau-Medrano
  - NetCDF files with month time-step encode from 0-11 made R crash
    #1544 by Martin Holdrege
  - split<SpatVector> only worked well if the split field was of type
    character. #1530 by Igor Graczykowski
  - gridDist (and probably some other methods) emitted a "cannot
    overwrite existing file" error when processing large datasets #1522
    by Clare Pearson
  - terrain did not accept multiple variables #1561 by Michael Mahoney
  - rotate was vulnerable to an integer overflow #1562 by Sacha Ruzzante
  - getTileExtents could return overlapping tiles or tiles with gaps due
    to floating point imprecision. #1564 by Michael Sumner
  - rasterize with points failed when using update=TRUE #1611 by Jordan
    Adamson
  - buffer on a lonlat multipoint SpatVector returned a buffer around a
    single point. #1607 by Márcia Barbosa
  - buffer<SpatVector> no longer crashes (for particular cases and
    unknown reasons) on windows #1331 by Julian090601, #1363 by Rupert
    Overall and #1531 by Igor Graczykowski

enhancements

  - as.list<SpatRasterDataset> sets the names of the list #1513
  - a SpatVectorCollection can now be subset with its names; and if made
    from a list it takes the names from the list. 1515 by jedgroev
  - argument fill_range to plot and plot<SpatVector> to use the color of
    the extreme values of the specified range #1553 by Mike Koontz
  - plet<SpatRaster> can now handle rasters with a "local" (Cartesian)
    CRS. #1570 by Augustin Lobo.
  - geom can now return "wkb" #1609
  - faster plotting when color names are used. In response to question
    by Olle on gis.stackexchange.com

new

  - map_extent returns the coordinates of the axes position of a map
    created with plot<Spat*> #1517 by Daniel Schuch
  - polys<leaflet> method #1543 by Márcia Barbosa
  - plot<SpatVectorCollection> method #1532 by jedgroev
  - add_mtext to add text around the margins of a map. #1567 by Daniel
    Schuch

                 Changes in version 1.7-78 (2024-05-22)                 

Released 2024-05-22

bug fixes

  - writeVector and readVector better handle empty geopackage layers
    #1426 by Andrew Gene Brown.
  - writeCDF only wrote global variables if there was more than one
    #1443 by Daniel Schlaepfer
  - rasterize with "by" returned odd layernames #1435 by Philippe
    Massicotte
  - convHull, minCircle and minRect with a zero-row SpatVector crashed R
    #1445 by Andrew Gene Brown
  - rangeFill with argument circular=TRUE did not work properly #1460 by
    Alice
  - crs(describe = TRUE) returned an mis-ordered extent #1485 by Dimitri
    Falk
  - tapp with a custom function and an index like "yearmonths" could
    shift time for not considering the time zone. #1483 by Finn Roberts
  - plot<SpatRaster> could fail when there were multiple values with
    very small differences #1491 by srfall
  - as.data.frame<SpatRaster> with "xy=TRUE" and "wide=FALSE" could fail
    if coordinates were very similar #1476 by Pascal Oettli
  - rasterizeGeom now returns the correct layer name #1472 by
    HRodenhizer
  - cellSize with "mask=TRUE" failed if the output was to be written to
    a temp file #1496 by Pascal Sauer
  - ext<SpatVectorProxy> did not return the full extent #1501 by
    erkent-carb

enhancements

  - extract has new argument "small=TRUE" to allow for strict use of
    "touches=FALSE" #1419 by Floris Vanderhaeghe.
  - as.list<SpatRaster> has new argument "geom=NULL"
  - rast<list> now recognizes (x, y, z) base R "image" structures
    SO 77949551 by Ignacio Marzan.
  - inset has new arguments "offset" and "add" #1422 by Armand-CT
  - expanse<SpatRaster> has argument usenames #1446 by Bappa Das
  - the default color palette is now terra::map.pal("viridis") instead
    of terrain.colors. The default can be changes with
    options(terra.pal=...) #1474 by Derek Friend
  - as.list<SpatRasterDataset> now returns a named list. #1513 by Eric
    R. Scott

new

  - bestMatch<SpatRaster> method
  - argument "pairs=TRUE" to cells #1487 by Floris Vanderhaeghe
  - add_grid to add a grid to a map

                 Changes in version 1.7-71 (2024-01-31)                 

Released 2024-01-31

bug fixes

  - k_means did not work if there were NAs #1314 by Jakub Nowosad
  - layerCor with a custom function did not work anymore #1387 by Jakub
    Nowosad
  - plet broke when using "panel=TRUE" #1384 by Elise Hellwig
  - using /vis3/ to open a SpatRaster did not work #1382 by Mike Koontz
  - plot<SpatRaster>(add=TRUE) sampled the raster data without
    considering the extent of the map. #1394 by Márcia Barbosa
  - plot<SpatRaster>(add=TRUE) now only considers the first layer of a
    multi-layer SpatRaster 1395 by Márcia Barbosa
  - set.cats failed with a tibble was used instead of a data.frame #1406
    by Mike Koontz
  - polys argument "alpha" was ignored if a single color was used. #1413
    by Derek Friend
  - query ignore the "vars" argument if all rows were selected. #1398 by
    erkent-carb.
  - spatSample ignored "replace=TRUE" with random sampling, na.rm=TRUE,
    and a sample size larger than the non NA cells. #1411 by Babak Naimi
  - spatSample sometimes returned fewer values than requested and
    available for lonlat rasters. #1396 by Márcia Barbosa.

enhancements

  - vect<character> now has argument "opts" for GDAL open options, e.g.
    to declare a file encoding. #1389 by Mats Blomqvist
  - plot(plg=list(tic="")) now allows choosing alternative continuous
    legend tic-mark styles ("in", "out", "through" or "none")
  - makeTiles has new argument "buffer" #1408 by Joy Flowers.

new

  - prcomp<SpatRaster> method #1361 by Jakub Nowosad
  - add_box to add a box around the map. The box is drawn where the axes
    are, not around the plotting region.
  - getTileExtents provides the extents of tiles. These may be used in
    parallelization. See #1391 by Alex Ilich.

                 Changes in version 1.7-65 (2023-12-15)                 

Released 2023-12-15

bug fixes

  - flip with argument direction="vertical" filed in some cases with
    large rasters processed in chunks SO 77304534 by Dulci
  - SpatRaster now correctly handles NA & FALSE and NA | TRUE #1316 by
    John Baums
  - set.names wasn't working properly for SpatRasterDataset or
    SpatRasterCollection #1333 by Derek Friend
  - extract with argument "layer" not NULL shifted the layers #1332 by
    Ewan Wakefield
  - terraOptions did not capture "memmin" on SO 77552234 by dww
  - rasterize with points and a built-in function could crash if no
    field was used #1369 by anjelinejeline

enhancements

  - mosaic can now use fun="modal"
  - rast<matrix> and rast<data.frame> now have option 'type="xylz" #1318
    by Agustin Lobo
  - extract<SpatRaster,SpatVector> can now use multiple summarizing
    functions #1335 by Derek Friend
  - disagg and focal have more optimistic memory requirement estimation
    #1334 by Mikko Kuronen

new

  - k_means<SpatRaster> method #1314 by Agustin Lobo
  - princomp<SpatRaster> method #1361 by Alex Ilich
  - has.time<SpatRaster> method
  - new argument "raw=FALSE" to rast, sds, and sprc to allow ignoring
    scale and offset 1354 by Insang Song

                 Changes in version 1.7-55 (2023-10-13)                 

Released 2023-10-14

bug fixes

  - mosaic ignored the filename argument if the SpatRasterCollection
    only had a single SpatRaster #1267 by Michael Mahoney
  - Attempting to use extract with a raster file that had been deleted
    crashed R. #1268 by Derek Friend
  - split<SpatVector,SpatVector> did not work well in all cases. #1256
    by Derek Corcoran Barrios
  - intersect with two SpatVectors crashed R if there was a date/time
    variable #1273 by Dave Dixon
  - "values=FALSE" was ignored by
    spatSample<SpatRaster>(method="weights") #1275 by François Rousseu
  - coltab<- again works with a list as value #1280 by Diego Hernangómez
  - stretch with histogram equalization was not memory-safe #1305 by
    Evan Hersh
  - plot now resets the "mar" parameter #1297 by Márcia Barbosa
  - plotRGB ignored the "smooth" argument #1307 by Timothée Giraud

enhancements

  - argument "gdal" in project was renamed to "use_gdal" #1269 by Stuart
    Brown.
  - SpatVector attributes can now be stored as an ordered factor #1277
    by Ben Notkin
  - plot<SpatVector> now uses an "interval" legend when breaks are
    supplied #1303 by Gonzalo Rizzo
  - crop<SpatRaster> now keeps more metadata, including variable names
    #1302 by rhgof
  - extract(fun="table") now returns an easier to use data.frame #1294
    by Fernando Aramburu.

new

  - metags<- and metags to set arbitrary SpatRaster/file level metadata
    #1304 by Francesco Chianucci

                 Changes in version 1.7-46 (2023-09-06)                 

Released 2023-09-06

bug fixes

  - plot<SpatVector> used the wrong main label in some cases #1210 by
    Márcia Barbosa
  - plotRGB failed with an "ext=" argument #1228 by Dave Edge
  - rast<array> failed badly when the array had less than three
    dimensions. #1254 by andreimirt.
  - all.equal for a SpatRaster with multiple layers #1236 by Sarah
    Endicott
  - zonal(wide=FALSE) could give wrong results if the zonal SpatRaster
    had "layer" as layername. #1251 by Jeff Hanson
  - panel now support argument "range" #141 by Jakub Nowosad
  - rasterize with by= returned wrong layernames if the by field was not
    sorted #1266 by Sebastian Dunnett
  - mosaic with multiple layers was not correct #1262 by Jean-Romain

enhancements

  - wrap<SpatRaster> now stores color tables #1215 by Patrick Brown
  - global now has a "maxcell" argument #1213 by Alex Ilich
  - layerCor with fun='pearson' now returns output with the layer names
    #1206
  - vrt now has argument "set_names" #1244 by sam-a-levy
  - vrt now has argument "return_filename" #1258 by Krzysztof Dyba
  - project<SpatRaster> has new argument "by_util" exposing the GDAL
    warp utility #1222 by Michael Sumner.

new

  - compareGeom for list and SpatRasterCollection #1207 by Sarah
    Endicott
  - is.rotated<SpatRaster> method #1229 by Andy Lyons
  - forceCCW<SpatVector> method to force counter-clockwise orientation
    of polygons #1249 by srfall.
  - vrt_tiles returns the filenames of the tiles in a vrt file #1261 by
    Derek Friend
  - extractAlong to extract raster cell values for a line that are
    ordered along the line. #1257 by adamkc.

                 Changes in version 1.7-39 (2023-06-23)                 

Released 2023-06-23

bug fixes

  - the tempdir option did not use path.expand. #1195 by Alex Ilich
  - the layer names returned by predict where inconsistent when using
    argument "index". #1194 by Michael Mahoney
  - compilation failed with older compilers because of use of
    std::filesystem #1191
  - Small changes to RGB<- and coltab<- so that terra can be installed
    with R-devel (after a bug fix
    https://bugs.r-project.org/show_bug.cgi?id=18538)

                 Changes in version 1.7-37 (2023-06-18)                 

Released 2023-06-18

bug fixes

  - rasterize with points and a custom function did not work for large
    rasters. #1127 by Skip Woolley
  - crop<SpatRaster, SpatVector> with "mask=TRUE" did not work well if
    the raster had a scale/offset #1128 by Monika Anna Tomaszewska
  - zonal<SpatRaster> with a custom function always removed NAs. #1133
    by Matthias Weigand
  - wrap<SpatRaster> lost changed layer names if the source was from
    disk; and information on some time-step in some cases. #1144 by
    Pascal Führlich
  - global(fun="isNA") was not correct when the SpatRaster had multiple
    layers #1141 by Robin Freeman
  - interpIDW with near=TRUE did not work properly (near=TRUE is now the
    default). #1186 by Hugh Graham
  - "YYYY-1-1" was sometimes encoded as "YYYY-13-1". #1168 by Colin
    Brust

enhancements

  - panel for categorical SpatRasters. #1143 by Jason Flower
  - argument "ext" in plot<SpatRaster> can now also expand the plot.
    #1136 by Jakub Nowosad.
  - argument overwrite=FALSE to makeTiles. #1167 by Gray Martin.
  - legend options for <plet,SpatVector>. #1177 by Agustin Lobo.
  - better handling of mixed geometry type vector data by vect and svc.
    #1160 by Mike Sumner.
  - new argument sql to query<SpatVectorProxy>. #1157 by Carl Boettiger
  - support for writing raster data to a vitual file system #1209 by
    Carl Boettiger

new

  - wrap<SpatRasterDataset> and wrap<SpatRasterCollection> methods. #954
    by James Camac

                 Changes in version 1.7-29 (2023-04-21)                 

Released 2023-04-22

new

  - regress<SpatRaster,numeric> to get regression model coefficients for
    each cell, with a fixed "X".
  - regress<SpatRaster,SpatRaster> to get regression model coefficients
    for each cell.

enhancements

  - lapp<SpatRasterDataset> is now more flexible in that it can now also
    use functions that are vectorized by cell, not by chunk. See #1029
  - project<SpatVector> has new argument "partial=FALSE" that can be
    used to keep geometries that can only be partially included in the
    output crs.
  - extracting a SpatVector column with a non-existing variable name now
    returns NULL (because that is what a data.frame does) instead of
    throwing an error. #1118 by Derek Friend.

bug fixes

  - a problem with reading empty categories in .img files created buggy
    SpatRasters
  - global with fun="notNA" was wrong #111 by Jeffrey Hanson
  - extract<SpatRaster,SpatVector> with "bind=TRUE" did not work
  - extract<SpatRaster,SpatVector> with point geometries and a "fun"
    returned values in the wrong order
  - plot<SpatRaster> argument "colNA" did not work when "alpha" was also
    set #1102 by Márcia Barbosa
  - crop<SpatRaster> with "extend=TRUE" did not extend the SpatRaster if
    the input had no cell values. #1114 by Jasper van Doninck
  - setting a factor or date/time variable in a SpatVector did not work
    #1117 by MK Schneider
  - focalMat did not work well when using terraOptions(todisk=T) #1116

                 Changes in version 1.7-23 (2023-04-08)                 

Released 2023-04-08

new

  - The halo function for adding halo-ed text to plots is now exposed
  - add_legend to allow using a keyword such as "topleft" to position a
    custom legend. #1053 by Márcia Barbosa
  - the same.crs function is now exported
  - countNA<SpatRaster> method
  - split<SpatVector,SpatVector> to split polygons with lines

enhancements

  - better support for other color spaces than RGB #1060 by Dominic Royé
  - path expansion in writeVector #1055 by Andrew Gene Brown.
  - clamp<SpatRaster> now also accepts SpatRasters to set the lower and
    upper boundaries.
  - freq has new arguments "zones=NULL" and "wide=FALSE", to allow
    tabulation of values by zone.
  - expanse<SpatRaster> has new arguments "zones=NULL" and "wide=FALSE",
    to allow tabulation of values by zone.
  - unique<SpatRaster> has new argument "digits=NA"
  - rasterize<SpatRaster,SpatVector> now accepts fun="table" to tabulate
    cells by cell value
  - rast<character> has new argument "snap" to snap the window in or
    out. #1094 by Derek Friend
  - plot has new argument "clip=TRUE" that can be set to FALSE to avoid
    clipping the axes to the mapped area #1080 by Márcia Barbosa
  - better error message when coercing an sf object that is not fully
    formed #1098 by Brandon McNellis
  - writeCDF<SpatRaster> had new argument "split" allowing to treat each
    layer as a subdataset #1077 by Andrea Manica
  - global now accepts multiple summarizing functions

bug fixes

  - A SpatRaster with RGB layers was forced to INT1U when writing #1051
    by Cesar Aybar
  - In files with multiple vector layers, the crs of the first layer was
    always used; ignoring that the crs could be different for other
    layers #1052 by Andrew Gene Brown
  - sieve was not able to write to file #1061 by leo
  - rasterize did not work with sf objects #1054 by Jakub Nowosad
  - query did not work for hyphenated layer names #1058 by Robbie Price
  - focal3D na.policy did not work #1057 by Flávio Mota
  - layerCor with na.rm=TRUE failed for a SpatRaster with more than 2
    layers #1056 by Alex Ilich.
  - inset with keyword positioning did not work well #1053 by Márcia
    Barbosa
  - yearmonths time stamps were not read from file for years <1970 and
    >2037 #1062 by Colin Brust
  - compareGeom did not work for multiple SpatRasters #1063
  - viewshed could not handle a filename argument. #1100 by kamistick

                 Changes in version 1.7-18 (2023-03-06)                 

Released 2023-03-06

new

  - argument order=FALSE to sort<SpatRaster>
  - sort<SpatVector> (and <data.frame> method
  - argument by=NULL to rasterize> #986 by Sam Weber
  - meta<SpatRaster> method to get metadata
  - compare<SpatRaster> and logic<SpatRaster> methods
  - vect<SpatExtent> method
  - panel<SpatRaster> for "panel" plots (multiple layers, single legend)

enhancements

  - it is now possible to save terra options across sessions #995 by
    Guillaume Patoine.
  - better warnings for is.lonlat #1006 by Andrew Gene Brown
  - argument na.rm to merge<SpatRaster>
  - the axes of maps created with plot are now snug around the mapped
    area, instead of at the limits of the graphics figure region.
  - C++ cleaning to avoid warnings by clang-tidy (e.g. now using
    .empty() instead of .size()==0). [#1013-1017] by Michael Chirico
  - rasterize with lines and polygons can now use the "fun" argument
    (for min, max, mean, and sum) #1041 by Bart Huntley

bug fixes

  - the legend created by plet was not always correct. #983 by Simon
    Rolph
  - spatSample<SpatRaster>(regular=TRUE) failed with providing two
    numbers (row, col) as sample size. #991 by srfall
  - merge<SpatRaster> did not ignore NAs #1002 by jmmonnet.
  - writeCDF failed when using argument force_v4 #1009 by R. Kyle
    Bocinsky
  - predict better handling of rasters with many NAs #988 by Lucas
    Johnson
  - layerCor did not handle NAs well if they were in different cells
    across layers #1034 by François Rousseu.

                 Changes in version 1.7-3 (2023-01-24)                  

Released 2023-01-24

new

  - argument w to zonal<SpatRaster,SpatRaster> to compute weighted means
  - zonal<SpatRaster,SpatVector> method
  - clamp_ts method

bug fixes

  - in the previous version, a bug was introduced such that the order of
    operation in arithmetic operations with SpatRasters was ignored.
    #978 by Andrew Marx
  - Fixed split<SpatVector>. #979 by srfall
  - spatSample with as.df=FALSE returned a data.frame instead of a
    matrix #982 by Alex Ilich

                 Changes in version 1.6-53 (2023-01-17)                 

Released 2023-01-17

new

  - arithmetic and logical operations between a SpatRaster and a matrix,
    to allow for using cell-varying and cell/layer-varying scalars.
    layer-varying scalars were already supported via vectors.

enhancements

  - shade is now vectorized for arguments angle and direction to
    facilitate generating multiple hillshades that can be combined for a
    better result #948 by Jürgen Niedballa
  - sharedPaths now uses spatial indices #960 by Jeff Hanson
  - predict has better support for models such as ranger that do not
    return anything for missing values #968 by Alex Ilich

bug fixes

  - writeCDF now supports writing yearly time steps #926 by Andrea
    Manica
  - as.contour now works for a single level #966 by Johannes Signer
  - subsetting a SpatRaster with a window returned a SpatRaster with the
    dimensions of the non-windowed raster, thus changing the resolution.
    #964 by Derek Friend
  - removing a factor variable from a SpatVector crashed R. #969 by
    Andrew Gene Brown
  - median did not always return the correct number for a SpatRaster
    with 3 or more layers #970 by MatteaE

                 Changes in version 1.6-47 (2022-12-02)                 

Released 2022-12-02

new

  - roll<SpatRaster> method for rolling (moving) average and other
    rolling functions
  - noNA<SpatRaster> method to identify cells that are not NA (across
    layers)
  - rangeFill<SpatRaster> method

enhancements

  - argument exhaustive to spatSample<SpatRaster> for large sparse
    rasters. [#905] by PetiteTong.
  - focalPairs and focalReg can now use the values in custom windows as
    weights. [#907] by Fabian Fischer.
  - focalReg now has additional argument "intercept=TRUE". [#916] by
    Jordan Adamson
  - crs(x, warn=TRUE)<- now emits a warning about the difference between
    transforming and setting a crs when x already had a crs. [#897] by
    Márcia Barbosa.
  - it is now possible to write a scale and offset with writeRaster
    [#900] by Kyle David
  - crosstab now shows the labels names for a categorical SpatRaster.
    [895] by Derek Corcoran Barrios
  - makeTiles can now take a SpatVector to define the tiles. [920] by
    Tristan Goodbody

bug fixes

  - focalPairs and focalReg now work for custom windows [#907] by Fabian
    Fischer
  - argument "alpha" in plot<SpatVector> was not working properly.
    [#906] by Márcia Barbosa.
  - time<- with time-step "years" could not handle negative years.
    [#911] by Andrea Manica
  - wrap/unwrap (and by extension saveRDS/readRDS) did not handle
    categorical rasters well [#912] by Christine Anderson.
  - interpIDW failed with GDAL 3.6 [#910] by Roger Bivand
  - spatSample with strata bug fix "unable to find an inherited method
    for function 'trim'" [#919] by Alfredo Ascanio
  - it is possible to slice a SpatRaster with a SpatExtent [#914] by
    Jakub Nowosad.
  - merge/mosaic did not handle NAs when using two layers [#913] by Joao
    Carreiras.

name changes

  - focalCor -> focalPairs to reflect its possible use beyond
    correlation

                 Changes in version 1.6-41 (2022-11-18)                 

Released 2022-11-18

new

  - [ and [<- for SpatRaster now have a third index k for subsetting or
    assigning values by layer
  - anyNA and allNA for SpatRaster
  - unwrap to restore a PackedSpatVector or PackedSpatRaster
  - rasterizeWin method for rasterization with a moving window (circle,
    ellipse, rectangle, buffer)
  - interpIDW method for inverse-distance-weighted interpolation of
    points with a moving window
  - interpNear method for nearest neighbor interpolation of points with
    a moving window
  - viewshed method for SpatRaster
  - update method for SpatRaster to write new names or a new extent or
    crs to an existing raster file.
  - sieve filter for SpatRaster
  - argument segments=FALSE to disagg<SpatRaster>
  - sprc<character> method to create a SpatRasterCollection from a file
    with subdatasets
  - graticule function to create a SpatGraticule and related methods
    plot<SpatGraticule> and crop<SpatGraticule>
  - elongate method for SpatVector lines

enhancements

  - faster mosaic and merge<SpatRaster> [#577] by Jean-Romain
  - wrap<SpatRaster> now uses file references if the data is deemed too
    large to all load into memory. [#801] by Jean-Romain
  - readRDS and unserialize now return a SpatRaster or SpatVector
    (instead of a PackedSpat*)
  - better support for a "local" arbitrary Euclidean crs [#797] by
    Agustin Lobo
  - clamp can now take low and high values for each layer
  - The pax argument in plot now provides more control over what to draw
    on each axis via parameters side, tick and lab
  - The pax argument in plot now has argument retro to use a sexagesimal
    notation of degrees
  - extend has a new argument fill=NA
  - A warning is now given when combining SpatRasters with different
    CRSs. [#818] by Andrew Marx
  - plotRGB now accounts for the value of zlim when stretching; allowing
    to use the same coloring scheme across SpatRasters [#810] by Agustin
    Lobo.
  - the center of rotation for spin is now vectorized

bug fixes

  - The annoying garbage collection messages Error in x$.self$finalize()
    : attempt to apply non-function is now suppressed in most cases.
    [#218] by Charlie Joey Hadley. This problem should go away
    altogether when a new version of "Rcpp" is released (ETA Jan 2023)
    thanks to a fix by Kevin Ushey [#30]
  - spatSample with na.rm and SpatRasters with multiple layers did not
    work. [#800] by Andrea Manica
  - adjacent<SpatRaster> with pairs=TRUE, include=TRUE ignored
    include=TRUE [#808] by Joseph Lewis
  - rasterize did not accept "NA" as value for updating [#809] by Márcia
    Barbosa
  - extract with a perfectly vertical or horizontal line failed in some
    cases [#823] by Dimitri Falk
  - wrap<SpatVector> failed if there was a single point geometry [#815]
    by Patrick Schaefer
  - extract<SpatRaster> with weights=TRUE did not return values [#814]
    by Jean-Luc Dupouey.
  - x[["newname"]] <- r for SpatRasters x and r did not work [#795] by
    Jim Shady
  - fixed support for some non-conventional netCDF files [#869] by Mike
    Sumner, [#864] by eleanorecc, and [#851] by Philippe Massicotte.

name changes

  - costDistance -> costDist to avoid conflict with {gdistance}
  - gridDistance -> gridDist for consistency

                 Changes in version 1.6-17 (2022-09-10)                 

Released 2022-09-10

new

  - droplevels for SpatRaster. [#757] by Rodolfo Jaffe.
  - normalize.longitude for SpatVector.
  - scoff to get and scoff<- to set the scale (gain) and offset of a
    SpatRaster.

enhancements

  - new argument raw=FALSE to extract<SpatRaster> [#776] by Thomas Roh.
  - as.data.frame now takes na.rm=NA to only remove rows that are NA for
    all layers. The default value changed from TRUE to NA. [#792] by Ed
    Carnell
  - faster plotting of SpatVector data [#774] by Krzysztof Dyba
  - distance<SpatRaster> has new arguments "target" and "exclude".
    [#560] by Bernardo Brandão Niebuhr
  - new argument sparse=FALSE for `relate<SpatVector,SpatVector>.
  - new argument usenames=FALSE for lapp<SpatRasterDataset> [#793] by
    Colin Brust.
  - vect<character> now reports that a file is non-existent [#784] by
    John Baums
  - faster relate [#716] by Krzysztof Dyba
  - focal3D now checks if all the window's dimensions are odd [#772] by
    Neander Marcel Heming

bug fixes

  - all.equal bug [#756] fixed by John Baums
  - extract<"SpatRaster","sf"> ignored the ID argument. [#755] by
    Dainius Masiliūnas.
  - There is now (in all cases) a check to avoid overwriting (one of)
    the input file(s) when writing a raster file [#760] by John Baums
  - vrt is no longer constrained by the maximum number of files that can
    be opened [#780] by 8Ginette8
  - weighted.mean crashed with numeric weights and na.rm=TRUE [#777] by
    David Holstius
  - project<SpatRaster> did not consider an extent that was set by the
    user [#775] by Philippe Massicotte
  - focalCor failed for large rasters [#607] by John Clark
  - focal with expand=TRUE was prone to run out of memory [#610] by
    Nathan Elliott
  - crop<SpatVector> did not work well when the second argument were
    points or lines [#782] by Márcia Barbosa
  - adjacent with pairs=TRUE now respects the include=TRUE argument
    [808] by Joseph Lewis

                 Changes in version 1.6-7 (2022-08-07)                  

Released 2022-08-07

new

  - method blocks to guide reading raster data in chunks. [#748] by John
    Baums

enhancements

  - A warning is given when writing raster values that are outside the
    limits of the requested datatype [#752] by Jim Shady
  - Arguments to extract were simplified. [#736] by François Rousseu

bug fixes

  - values of focal where not correct if the input SpatRaster had
    multiple layers and a "custom" function. [#727] by Jean-Luc Dupouey.
  - plot<SpatRaster> did not honor argument legend=FALSE. [#738] by
    Grzegorz Sapijaszko
  - expanse failed when processing in chunks [#741] by Gareth Davies
  - crop<SpatRaster,SpatExtent> with argument snap="out" could lead to a
    crash if the extent was beyond the SpatRaster. [#740] by Mauricio
    Zambrano-Bigiarini

                 Changes in version 1.6-3 (2022-07-25)                  

Released 2022-07-25

bug fixes

  - subst no longer uses values that it changed earlier on. [#639] by
    Paul Smith
  - as.points<SpatRaster> could return wrong factor labels. [#640] by
    Attilio Benini
  - mask<SpatRaster,SpatVector> crashed when the results were written to
    disk. [#646] by Monika Anna Tomaszewska
  - extract<SpatRaster,SpatVector(points)>(xy=TRUE) returned the
    locations of the points, not the xy-coordinates of the cells. [#650]
    by Ward Fonteyn
  - wrap<SpatRaster> did not return the correct labels for some
    categorical rasters. [#652] by Jakub Nowosad
  - better support for non-latin characters in the legend [#658] by
    Krzysztof Dyba
  - holes in small lon/lat polygons are now properly buffered [#689] by
    David Hofmann

enhancements

  - subst can now substitute the values from multiple input layers with
    a single output value (layer)
  - subset<SpatVector> now behaves like subset<data.frame> [#648] by
    Andrew Gene Brown
  - setting category labels with a vector of names is now deprecated. A
    data.frame with at least two columns should be used. The first
    column should have the cell values (IDs).
  - It is now possible to "drop" a layer from a SpatRaster by setting it
    to NULL [#664] by Daniel Valentins
  - freq now provides the labels of factors, even if bylayer=FALSE. It
    now always returns a data.frame (it used to return a matrix in some
    cases. [#687] by Rodolfo Jaffé
  - disagg and aggregate now return a warning instead of an error when
    using a (dis)aggregation factor of 1.[#684] by Justin Fain.
  - project crashed when erroneously projecting raster data from one
    celestial body to another [#688] by Mike Sumner
  - you can now set a color table with a two column (value, ID)
    data.frame
  - categorical rasters can now be updated more easily [#667] by Alex
    Ilich
  - more control over matching values with colors when using plot.
    [#673] by Jakub Nowosad.
  - SpatVector attributes can now also be a factor, date, or POSIXct.
    [#697] by Grant Williamson
  - improved handling of missing values in extract(method="bilinear").
    [#693] by swooping-magpie

new

  - argument as.raster to unique<SpatRaster> to create a categorical
    raster with the unique combinations in the layers of the input
    raster. The default for argument na.rm was changed to FALSE
  - sort<SpatRaster> to sort cell values across layers.
  - has.colors and has.RGB for SpatRaster
  - cover can now combine categorical rasters
  - concats to combine the levels of two SpatRaster into new categories
    [#663] by Alex Ilich
  - zonal<SpatVector,SpatVector> method to aggregate SpatVector
    attributes by polygons

                 Changes in version 1.5-34 (2022-06-09)                 

Released 2022-06-09

bug fixes

  - "flipped" rasters were not always handled well. [#546] by Dan Baston
  - better reading of GTiff with subdatsets. [#601] by Kyle Doherty
  - better handling of multi-layer categorical rasters and extract.
    [#580] by André M. Bellvé
  - weighted.mean did not adjust the weights if there were NAs in the
    values. [#574] by Lars Dalby
  - bug in masking. [#552] reported by Márcia Barbosa and [565] by Jakub
    Nowosad.
  - fixed stretch option in plotRGB [#550] by Agustin Lobo
  - unwrap of a SpatRaster failed with a crs including a "'". [#602] by
    Jean Romain.
  - spatSample with cells=TRUE failed for planar data [#544] by Benjamin
    Misiuk
  - compareGeom(x, y, stopOnError=FALSE) did not remove the error
    messages stored in x leading to unexpected warnings later on. [#568]
    by David Hofmann.

enhancements

  - Using & or | with SpatRasters now returns a boolean SpatRaster.
    [#594] by Dan Baston
  - SpatVector now supports logical values. [#593] by Derek Friend
  - Attempt to create SpatRaster with an invalid number of rows now
    gives an error. [#544] by Dan Baston
  - layerCor does not create temp files anymore. [#551] by Christine
    Anderson
  - not using the same iterator symbols in nested loops to avoid
    warnings on the Intel compiler. [#573] by Gareth Davies.

new

  - new arguments res and origin to project<SpatRaster> method. [#596]
    by Alex Ilich
  - new argument inside=TRUE to centroids to get a centroid-like point
    that is guaranteed to be on the geometry ("point on surface").
    [#588] by Márcia Barbosa
  - new argument keepgeom=FALSE to vect<data.frame> that allows setting
    (keeping) the geometry as an attribute. [#586] by Márcia Barbosa
  - saveRDS and serialize methods for SpatRaster and SpatVector. [#549]
    by Andrei Mîrț
  - xFromCol and yFromCol now have a <SpatRaster,missing> method. [#583]
    by Michael Sumner.
  - svc<sf> method to deal with GeometryCollection types. [#585] by
    Sarah Endicott
  - as.points<SpatRaster> and as.polygons<SpatRaster> have a new
    argument na.all=FALSE that affects the interpretation of na.rm.
    [#548] by Jean-Luc Dupouey.
  - setGDALconfig and getGDALconfig to set GDAL configuration options.
    [#608] by Erik Bolch.
  - new argument circular to rapp to allow the start to be after the end
    (for if layers represent days of the year)
  - new method costDistance<SpatRaster>
  - new methods where.min and where.max for SpatRaster to get the cell
    numbers for the extreme values in a SpatRaster.
  - new method emptyGeoms<SpatVector> to get the indices of empty (null)
    geometries
  - new method rasterizeGeom to rasterize the geometry count or the area
    of (small) polygons or the length of lines.
  - new method not.na for SpatRaster which is a shortcut for !is.na(x).
  - as.list implemented for <SpatRasterDataset>.
  - sources implemented for <SpatRasterDataset>, <SpatVector> and
    <SpatVectorProxy> [#638] by Andrew Gene Brown

name changes

  - delauny -> delaunay [#627] by Derek Friend

                 Changes in version 1.5-21 (2022-02-16)                 

Released 2022-02-17

  - writeVector and vect now work with GPKG if the path has non-ascii
    characters [#518]
  - The results of predict with cores > 1 and more than one output
    variable were garbled
  - zonal dropped category names when using an external (R) function
    [#527] by Jakub Nowosad
  - focal/focalCpp showed strange patterns when the window size was
    larger than the block size [#519] by Alex Ilich
  - using xy=TRUE in as.data.frame normalized the names [#538] by Kodi
    Arfer
  - new argument options to vrt [#629] by Monika Tomaszewska.

enhancements

  - makeTiles has new arguments extend and na.rm [#520] by by L. Dalby
  - project<SpatRaster> now uses nearest neighbor as default method for
    RGB rasters
  - new argument na.rm=TRUE to unique. [#561] by Matthieu Stigler

                 Changes in version 1.5-17 (2022-01-30)                 

Released 2022-01-30

bug fixes

  - app<SpatRasterDataset> ignored the filename. [#498] by jszhao
  - vect<data.frame> failed silently if xy coordinates were integers
    [#496] by Márcia Barbosa
  - The output of aggregate<SpatRaster> was malformed when nrow(x) %%
    fact != 0. [#492] by Jean-François Bourdon
  - Integer NAs in SpatVector attributes where only recognized on
    Windows [#491] by Márcia Barbosa
  - plot<SpatVector> failed when using a character variable with many
    unique values. [#489] by Márcia Barbosa
  - rotate failed on large files. Reported by Ujjawal Singh
  - writing raster files with a color table could lead to a crash [#501]
    by Kodi Arfer
  - crds replicated the coordinates [#504] by Murray Efford
  - as.data.frame<SpatRaster> returned integers if the file stored
    values as integers, even if there was a scale/offset that creates
    decimal numbers [#509] by Kodi Arfer
  - project opened the input raster file in read/write mode instead of
    read mode. That did not work with files that cannot be updated.

enhancements

  - distance, gridDistance, direction and patches now process all layers
    of the input SpatRaster. [#503] by Chris Haak
  - consistent copy-on-modify behavior in ()<- methods. in-place
    updating available with set. methods such as set.names and
    set.values. [#493] by Jean Romain and [#511] by Bryan Fuentes
  - much faster writing of GPKG vector data by using a single
    transaction (following sf) [#460] by Krzysztof Dyba
  - aggregate<SpatRaster> now accepts functions that return more than
    one value per aggregated cell
  - writeVector has new argument insert to add a layer to an existing
    file (e.g. GPKG).

new

  - new option method="weights" for spatSample<SpatRaster>
  - new mask<SpatVector,SpatVector> method to select intersecting
    geometries
  - new method is.related
  - values<SpatRaster> has new option na.rm=TRUE. [#490] by Henk Harmsen
  - new class SpatVectorProxy to provide access to large vector
    databases that cannot or should not be read into memory in its
    entirety.
  - new argument proxy=FALSE to vect to create a SpatVectorProxy object
  - new method query<SpatVectorProxy> to extract parts of a
    SpatVectorProxy
  - new method vector_layers that returns, and can delete, vector format
    layers from a database/file such as GPKG

name changes

To avoid name clashes with tidyverse

  - arrow -> north
  - src -> sprc
  - simplify -> simplifyGeom

For consistency

  - setCats -> set.cats

                 Changes in version 1.5-12 (2022-01-13)                 

Released 2022-01-13

bug fixes

  - setValues and init failed (or even crashed R) when using a single
    value on a largish raster. [#414]
  - conversion from sfc to SpatVector lost the crs. [#415] by Jean-Luc
    Dupouey
  - buffer on a SpatRaster with no values caused a crash [#416] by
    Sebastian Brinkmann
  - writeVector now assumes "traditional GIS order" (long/lat) if the
    CRS specifies lat/long. [#333]( by Agustin Lobo
  - argument main was ignored in density when using a single layer
    SpatRaster [#424] by dvictori
  - Summary type math functions such as min and mean, when used with
    multiple SpatRasters and numbers, ignored additional SpatRasters
    [#426] by Zhuonan Wang
  - names are now conserved when creating a SpatRaster from a
    RasterStack that points to file(s) [#430] by Dan Baston
  - classify with right=FALSE ignored include.lowest=TRUE [#442] by Alex
    Ilich
  - patches now combines patches that connect across the data line
    [#366] by Hirscht
  - patches(directions=8) now connects in NE/SW direction [#451] by
    Jean-François Bourdon.
  - centroids now considers cases where SpatVector parts are nearest to
    each other when crossing the date line instead of the zero-meridian
    [#366] by Hirscht
  - terrain created empty (NA) rows between chunks used for processing
    large rasters. [#453] by Robert Ritson.
  - inset did not draw the "box" correctly. [#457] by Márcia Barbosa
  - as.lines now works with a points SpatVector [#464] by Márcia Barbosa

enhancements

  - values(x)<- now accepts (hex coded) colors as values
  - focal now wraps around the dateline like raster::focal [#242] by
    Alexander Marbler
  - aggregate now does not show a progress bar in all cases [#249] by
    Lachlan
  - as.data.frame<SpatRaster> or <SpatVector> are now also implemented
    as S3 methods to assure correct dispatch by other S3 methods such as
    data.table::as.data.table. See [#284] by Patrick Schratz
  - crs now shows the correct authority if it is not EPSG. [#419] by
    Matthew Williamson
  - It now possible to add a SpatRaster to an empty SpatRaster (with no
    values), even if it has a different geometry, ignoring the empty
    SpatRaster [#421] by Alex Ilich.
  - rast<filename> has a new argument lyrs to subset the layers and open
    the file in one step.
  - rast<array> now has a crs and extent argument. [#439] by RS-eco
  - type="xyz" is now default in rast<data.frame>. [#438] by RS-eco
  - classify has a new argument brackets to show if a side of an
    interval is open or closed.
  - further support for categorical data in freq and as.data.frame.
    [#441] ngould7
  - speed up in processing of multi-layer in memory data. [#437] by
    Krzysztof Dyba
  - vect<matrix> and vect<data.frame> are now much faster. [#413] by
    BastienFR
  - extract with points provided as a matrix or cell numbers is not much
    faster. [#341]
  - focal has a new argument na.policy that can be set to one of "all"
    (default), "only" or "omit". argument na.only has been removed, as
    you can now use na.policy="only"
  - inset argument border changed to perimeter to allow passing border
    on to plot<Spat*>. [#456] by Márcia Barbosa
  - The compile-time and run-time versions of GEOS are now compared and
    a warning is given if they are not the same. [#459] by Edzer Pebesma
  - it is now possible to add sub-datasets to GPKG and GTiff files.
    [#300] by gtitov
  - general option memfrac can now be set to zero (instead of not lower
    than 0.1). [#476] by Matt Strimas-Mackey
  - new argument allowGaps in patches to disallow gaps between patch
    IDs. See [#478] by Dunbar Carpenter.

new

  - timestamps and units are now saved to an auxiliary file
    (filename.aux.json) for all raster formats except NetCDF when using
    writeCDF (because in that case they are stored in the netcdf file)
  - new method mergeTime to combine multiple rasters, perhaps partly
    overlapping in time, into a single time series
  - new method fillTime that can add empty layers in between existing
    layers to assure that the time step between layers is constant
  - new method approximate to fill in missing values by cell across
    layers
  - new methods is.bool and as.bool for SpatRaster and explicit
    recognition of Boolean raster data in various places (e.g., extract,
    plot)
  - new methods is.int and as.int for SpatRaster.
  - when assigning integer values to a SpatRaster, or when reading an
    integer file, the corresponding layers are now classified as being
    of integer type [#446] by L. Dalby
  - new method layerCor (like raster::layerStats). [#420] by Alex Ilich
  - new method focalCor (like raster::corLocal). [#427] by Zhuonan Wang
  - new method all.equal for SpatRaster. See [#428] by Dongdong Kong
  - new method math for SpatRaster that implements the Math-generic
    methods and accepts a filename
  - new method sds<array>
  - new method rasterize<matrix>, see [#413] by BastienFR
  - new method colorize to transform color representations
  - new method arrow to draw a (North) arrow on a map. [#461] by Márcia
    Barbosa
  - new method densify to insert nodes between existing nodes of a line
    or polygon SpatVector
  - new method direction for SpatRaster. [#462] by Márcia Barbosa
  - new method focal3D to compute focal values for a three-dimensional
    (row, column, layer) window
  - new function makeVRT to create a vrt file for a file that needs a
    header to be read.
  - new option method="stratified" for spatSample<SpatRaster>. [#470] by
    Michael Mahoney
  - new general option memmax to cap the amount of RAM that terra can be
    used in raster processing [#476] by Matt Strimas-Mackey
  - new method gridDistance to compute distances traversing a raster,
    perhaps with obstacles. [#477] by Márcia Barbosa

                 Changes in version 1.4-22 (2021-11-24)                 

Released 2021-11-24

changes

  - focal now has ellipses (...) to allow for providing additional
    arguments to fun. For this reason it does not have a na.rm argument
    anymore as that can be supplied via the ellipses. In practice this
    means that the default will be na.rm=FALSE for the standard
    functions such as mean and sum.

bug fixes

  - app grossly overestimated RAM needed, slowing it down. Reported by
    Jerry Nelson
  - terra now installs, again, with older versions of GEOS [#406] by
    fparyani
  - terra did not install with Clang on CRAN/OSX due to using C++13
    idiom.

enhancements

  - lapp and tapp now have a cores argument (as do app and predict).
    Suggested by Dongdong Kong [#365]
  - focal now also works with a function that returns multiple values.
    See [#318] by Alex Ilich.
  - focal can now process multiple layers in one step.
  - expanded support for conversion from stars objects [#220] by Jakub
    Nowosad

new

  - focalCpp takes a C++ function that iterates over cells to speed up
    computation by avoiding apply (see [#318] by Alex Ilich).
  - focalReg for focal OLS regression models between layers

                 Changes in version 1.4-20 (2021-11-16)                 

Released 2021-11-16

bug fixes

  - terra did not install with versions of GDAL below 3 [#402] by Alex
    Ilich.
  - distance between two SpatVectors or matrices with pairwise=FALSE
    returned a matrix that was filled by column instead of by row [#403]
    by Paul Smith

                 Changes in version 1.4-19 (2021-11-15)                 

Released 2021-11-15

bug fixes

  - rast with some NetCDF files failed because of bad parsing of dates.
    [#361] by Juan Carlos Zamora-Pereira
  - distance<SpatRaster> with lon/lat data was not correct. [#368] by
    Greg Schmidt
  - as.polygons<SpatRaster> failed with a SpatRaster and a categorical
    layer that is not the first layer. [#370] by Patrick Schratz
  - The filename argument in rasterize was not ignored, also causing
    errors when writing to temporary files. [#377] by Robbie Price
  - rast<character> crashed if the sds was an empty character string.
    [#381] by Dan Baston
  - plot<SpatVector> now responds to the range argument [#385] by Márcia
    Barbosa
  - zonal failed for user-defined functions. [#393] by mqueinnec

new

  - new method selectHighest to select n cell values with the highest or
    lowest values.
  - new method vect<list> to append SpatVectors (faster than
    do.call(rbind, x))
  - new argument align=FALSE to project to align to the template
    SpatRaster but ignore the resolution
  - new method gdalCache to set the GDAL cache size, contributed by Dan
    Baston [#387]
  - new method fileBlocksize
  - new argument options to writeVector to pass layer creation options
    to GDAL
  - new SpatVector topology methods mergeLines, snap, makeNodes,
    removeDupNodes, gaps, simplify
  - new SpatVector characterization methods width and clearance

enhancements

  - terra now installs with older versions of GEOS [#363]
  - terra now installs on CentOS 7 with GDAL 2.1.4 and a C++ compiler
    that does not support std::regexp. [#384] by Ariel Paulson

                 Changes in version 1.4-11 (2021-10-11)                 

Released 2021-10-11

enhancements

  - the definition of setValues now has two arguments (x and values),
    just like raster had; to avoid reverse dependency problems with
    raster

                 Changes in version 1.4-9 (2021-10-07)                  

Released 2021-10-07

name changes

To avoid name conflicts with sp (via raster) disaggregate is now called
disagg and bbox,SpatRaster and bbox<SpatVector> have been removed (but
could be resurrected in raster or under another name).

enhancements

  - project and resample now choose the resampling method based on the
    first layer, using "near" for categorical data. Thanks to Matthew
    Lewis [#355]

bug fixes

  - hist failed with small samples. Issue [#356] by Martin Queinnec

                 Changes in version 1.4-7 (2021-10-05)                  

Released 2021-10-05

note

terra no longer depends on raster. To avoid name clashes between these
two packages, and to allow replacing methods from rgeos and rgdal in
raster, raster now depends on terra instead.

enhancements

  - freq has a new argument usenames. See issue [#309] by Bappa Das
  - rast<character> has a new argument opts that can be used to pass
    GDAL open options. See issue [#314]
  - rast<SpatRaster> now takes arguments names and vals. See issue
    [#323] by Dongdong Kong
  - crs<- now warns if an unsupported datum is used. See issue [#317]
  - spatSample now returns factor values if a SpatRaster layer is.factor
    except when using as.df=FALSE
  - new method origin<- to set the origin of a SpatRaster. See issue
    [#326] by Jakub Nowosad
  - crs has a new argument parse. See [#344]
  - plot<SpatRaster,missing> has a new argument reset=FALSE that allows
    resetting the par()$mar parameters after plotting. See issue [#340]
    by Derek Friend
  - crds has a new argument na.rm. See [#338] by Kodi Arfer
  - show(Spat*) now prints the name and EPSG code of a crs if available.
    See [#317] by Jakub Nowosad

bug fixes

  - plotRGB failed if there were NAs. Issue [#308] by Jakub Nowosad
  - writeVector crashed R when used with a SpatVector with no
    geometries. Reported by Timothy White in issue [#319]
  - summary<SpatRaster> now returns counts for the classes (instead of a
    numerical summary of the indices) [#324] by Jakub Nowosad
  - tapp with a character index now returns a SpatRaster with the
    correct names [#345] by Stuart Brown
  - rasterize with a character variable now adds the ID column to the
    categories [#337] by Tate Brasel
  - cellSize now masks values in all cases (when requested with
    mask=TRUE). Issue [#339] by Jean-Luc Dupouey
  - buffer<SpatVector> no longer treats lines like polygons [#332] by
    Márcia Barbosa
  - plot now passes the layer index to fun [#310] by Ben Tupper
  - the to_id in nearest was sometimes wrong. See [#328] by Shawn
    Ligocki
  - better support for ESRI value attribute tables (VAT). See this
    SO 69385928
  - focal did not reset initial values for NA cells when processing
    chunks. [#312] by Jeffrey Evans
  - focal could run out of memory when using a large window and
    user-defined function, and was inexact at the chunk boundary [#347]
  - zonal with as.raster=TRUE failed for categorical SpatRasters [#348]
    by Jakub Nowosad

                 Changes in version 1.3-22 (2021-08-20)                 

Released 2021-08-20

enhancements

  - if time(x) <- d is set with a Date class object, time(x) now returns
    a Date object instead of a POSIXct object. Issue [#256] by Mauricio
    Zambrano-Bigiarini
  - The UTF-8 encoding of character attributes of a SpatVector is now
    declared such that they display correctly in R. See issue [#258] by
    AGeographer. Also implemented for names in both SpatVector and
    SpatRaster
  - rast<data.frame> method to avoid confusion with the matrix and list
    methods in response to a SO 68133958 by Stackbeans
  - the extreme values used to represent NA where not as intended (one
    or two lower) for INT2U and INT4U. Reported by Jean-Luc Dupouey on
    SO 68216362
  - writeCDF now also writes the time dimensions if there is only one
    time-step. See this SO 68227180
  - vect<character> (filename) now has argument layer to select a layer
    from a multi-layer file / database, and arguments query, extent and
    filter for reading a subset
  - subst can now create multiple output layers See [issue 276] by
    Agustin Lobo
  - classify can now create different multiple output layers See
    [issue 276] by Agustin Lobo
  - Argument alpha of plot<SpatRaster> can now be a SpatRaster. See this
    SO 68736432 by James McCarthy

bug fixes

  - The filename and overwrite arguments were ignored in rasterize
  - gdal options are now also honored for create-copy drivers [#260]
  - buffer for lonlat now works better at the world's "edges" [#261]
  - scale/offset were ignored by project. Reported by Fabian Fischer
  - rasterize<SpatRaster,SpatVector> with inverse=TRUE crashed the R
    session. Issue [#264] by Jean-Luc Dupouey
  - The output of merge and mosaic was not correct for large rasters
    (only the first rows were used). Reported by Zavud Baghirov in
    [#271]
  - as.points,SpatRaster did not remove NA's correctly and shifted
    values. Issues [#269] and [#273] by Julian Hagenauer
  - rast<matrix> rotated values when using an equal-sided matrix [#274]
    by Jakub Nowosad
  - the number of rows and columns were reversed when using project with
    a crs argument. [#283] by Timothée Giraud
  - In classify, argument right had TRUE and FALSE reversed.
  - terrain had edge effects [#303] by Andrew Gene Brown.
  - terrain can now compute multiple variables at once [#286] by Žan
    Kuralt
  - wrap<SpatRaster> changed factors into numeric [#302] by Patrick
    Schratz
  - writeVector failed with "FlatGeobuf" (and probably other formats as
    well) for not using a proper MultiPolygon [#299] by L Dalby
  - regular sampling of polygons with spatSample is now much more
    regular [#289] by Jakub Nowosad

                 Changes in version 1.3-4 (2021-06-20)                  

Released 2021-06-20

new

  - na.omit<SpatVector> to remove empty geometries and/or attribute
    records that have an NA
  - new method src to create a SpatRasterCollection (a loose collection
    of tiles).
  - merge and mosaic now have methods for a SpatRasterCollection. To
    avoid the (inefficient) use of do.call. #210 by Matthew Talluto.
  - activeCat and activeCat<- to get or set the "active" category if
    there are multiple categories (raster attributes)
  - as.numeric and catalyze to transfer categories to numeric cell
    values
  - summarize methods such as range and mean for (the attributes of) a
    SpatVector
  - new method shade, to compute hill shading

enhancements

  - additional arguments (such as na.rm) are now used by rasterize with
    point geometries. #209 by Jakub Nowosad
  - improved handling (and documentation) of gstat models by
    interpolate. #208 by Jakub Nowosad
  - new argument cpkgs to predict to list the packages that need to be
    exported to the cores if argument cores is larger than one. ?predict
    now shows different approaches to parallelize predict (based on
    examples in issue. #178 by by Matthew Coghill.
  - freq now returns labels for categorical layers
  - adjacent now has a pairs argument. #239 by Kenneth Blake Vernon
  - adjacent now also takes a matrix to specify adjacent cells
  - mean and other summarize methods now take a filename argument and
    disallow non-recognized named arguments. #238 by Jessica Nephin
  - The raster attribute table of ESRI-GRID integer data, or from an
    ESRI vat.dbf file is now ignored if it only has the counts of the
    values. #234 by Jullee
  - time attributes are no longer lost when doing raster operations.
    #246 by Mauricio Zambrano-Bigiarini
  - resample (and project) no longer ignore gdal="" write options and
    use BIGTIFF if necessary (suggested by Ani Ghosh)
  - new argument layer in the extract-SpatRaster,SpatVector method to
    extract values for a single layers specified for each geometry (see
    this question).

bug fixes

  - better handling of paths with non-ASCII characters (e.g., Chinese)
    for GeoTiff but still fails for NetCDF. [#233] by Dongdong Kong
  - extract with points and cells=TRUE or xy=TRUE gave garbled output
  - as.character<SpatRaster> (called by wrap) did not capture the layer
    names. [#213] by Pascal Title
  - focal mirrored the weight matrix, thus affecting the results when
    using an asymmetrical weight matrix. Reported by Sebastiano
    Trevisani
  - terra::terraOptions now works without attaching the package. [#229]
    by Karl Dunkle Werner
  - app with ncores > 0 and a function that returns multiple layers now
    works. [#240] by BastienFR.
  - autocor (local) can now handle NA values. [#245] by Jakub Nowosad .
  - mask with a SpatVector and a large (out of memory) multi-layer
    SpatRaster only worked for the first layer. Reported by Monika
    Tomaszewska.

                 Changes in version 1.2-10 (2021-05-13)                 

Released 2021-05-13

new

  - as.lines method for SpatRaster
  - as.polygons method for SpatVector lines
  - autocor<numeric> has new methods mean, to compute the local mean,
    and locmor, for the local Moran's I
  - sharedPaths method for SpatVector (lines and polygons)
  - RGB2col method to reduce a three-layer RGB SpatRaster to a single
    layer SpatRaster with a color-table (with <= 256 colors)
  - split methods for SpatVector and SpatRaster

enhancements

  - rast<Raster*> now takes the crs from the Raster object, not from the
    file it may point to. [#200] by Floris Vanderhaeghe
  - convhull has a new argument by="" to make convex hulls for sub-sets
    of a SpatVector.
  - faster processing of large in memory rasters. See issue [#206] by
    Krzysztof Dyba.

bug fixes

  - extract with multiple layers could return a data.frame where the
    values were not in the correct order (by row instead of by column)
  - crop works again with sf objects. [#201] by Sebastian Brinkmann
  - vect<sf> now also works for lines, and should be faster
  - vect<character> crashed R if a file had empty geometries. [#202] by
    consumere
  - extract(points, bilinear=TRUE, cells=TRUE) now works. [#203] by
    fab4app
  - zonal now works for min and max. [#207] Reported by Jakub Nowosad

name changes

To avoid name conflicts with the spatstat package

  - area,SpatRaster-method(x, sum=FALSE) -> cellSize(x)
  - area,SpatRaster/SpatVector-method(x, sum=TRUE) -> expanse(x)
  - convexhull -> convHull
  - perimeter -> perim
  - tiles -> makeTiles
  - coords -> crds

                 Changes in version 1.2-5 (2021-04-30)                  

Released 2021-04-30

new

  - trim has a new argument value that allows trimming rows and columns
    with other values than the default NA
  - rapp has a new argument clamp that allows clamping start and end
    values to 1:nlyr(x), avoiding that all values are considered NA
  - spatSample<SpatRaster> has new arguments as.points and values.
    Getting values, cells and coordinates is no longer mutually
    exclusive. In response to [#191] by Agustin Lobo
  - area<SpatRaster> has a new argument mask=FALSE
  - classify can now take a single number to request that many cuts
  - mosaic and merge now warn and resample if rasters are not aligned
  - extract has a new argument exact to get the fraction covered for
    each cell

bug fixes

  - flip(x, direction="vertical") no longer reverses the order of the
    layers
  - extract did not work for horizontal or vertical lines as their
    extent was considered invalid. Reported by Monika Tomaszewska
  - autocor did not handle NA values [#192] by Laurence Hawker
  - nearest now works for angular coordinates
  - The unit of slope in terrain was not correct (the tangent was
    returned instead of the slope), [#196] by Sven Alder
  - quantile now works for rasters that have cells that are all NA.
    Reported by Jerry Nelson

name changes

To avoid name conflicts with tidyverse

with deprecation warning:

  - separate -> segregate
  - expand -> extend
  - near -> nearby
  - pack -> wrap

without deprecation warning:

  - transpose -> trans
  - collapse -> tighten
  - fill -> fillHoles
  - select -> sel

                 Changes in version 1.1-17 (2021-04-14)                 

Released 2021-04-14

major changes

  - c<SpatVector> now returns a list. rbind is used to append SpatVector
    objects
  - overhaul of handling of factors. rats has been removed, and levels
    and cats have changed

                 Changes in version 1.1-4 (2021-03-09)                  

  - No news recorded for this and earlier versions